Handwriting Analysis, and Comprehensive Astrology and Numerology

Handwriting analysis is the scientific investigation of handwriting to determine personality characteristics.

Although handwriting analysis is gaining in popularity, many misconceptions exist about this complex form of personality analysis.

Below we address six common concerns about handwriting analysis:

Concern:
“If behavioral scientists had found it to be a valid tool, then they would have done so by now and it would be commonly used.”

Answer:
Human behavioral studies involving handwriting analysis exist and it has been found to be a valid tool. More than 200 scientific papers have been published in non-graphological peer-reviewed publications in
the last 58 years: http://tinyurl.com/4cx3nf

Also, handwriting analysis is already commonly used in the workplace (and elsewhere) at this time, although it is more popular in Europe than it is in America.

Concern:
“As a candidate for a job, I want to be considered due to my experience and talent, not the results of
some examination of my signature.”

Answer:
Your signature (and how it relates to the rest of your script) is only part of what is analyzed. At least a
half page handwriting sample is best to properly analyze handwriting.

We and other respected professionals advise employers to hire based on a person’s experience, talent, and the results of personality testing methods, which indicate whether someone has the mindset for a particular job. We recommend the use of a range of evaluations (e.g., graphology in conjunction with other psychological testing methods), in addition to the interview to determine a person’s fit for the demands of any particular job.

As we say on our handwriting sample forms, “Decisions will not be made based only on the results of the graphological analysis, but in conjunction with the interview process, decision-maker observations, and other information.”

Concern:
“What if 10 different handwriting analysts interpret a person’s script 10 different ways? Isn’t there a
problem with interpretation?”

Answer:
We recommend employers hire well-trained graphologists, such as those who have earned certification from a respected handwriting analysis school. In doing so, the problem of varying interpretations is
eliminated.

Concern:
“How does a person’s handwriting tell you ‘this person can or can’t do the job?’ This does not seem like a reasonable tool to help make hiring decisions.”

Answer:
First, through the complex coordination of physical body, the nervous system, and mind function, you express yourself in your writing like no one else. Handwriting is called an expression of your true self because it has been shown to directly link to subconscious character, the real personality behind the public persona. It’s really mind-writing and it’s as unique as your fingerprints. Even twins have different fingerprints and they also have different handwriting, sometimes drastically different, if you delve into the hundreds of indicators used for a comprehensive analysis.

Handwriting analysis doesn’t directly predict the success of a job applicant. However, it does provide
infomation about whether or not the applicant is a match for the job based on the job description.
Motivtions (e.g., social involvement, recognition, money, etc.), intellect, work habits, communication skills, and emotional foundation are some common areas of assessment.

There are many personality traits that aren’t easy to measure by talking to an applicant, reviewing their resume, and having them take standard personality evaluations. Handwriting analysis is so valuable
because it assesses subconscious character, the actual personality, aside from the one presented or
witnessed when an individual is at their best. It goes beyond evaluating an applicant just for the job tasks.

Handwriting analysis is particularly useful in determining specific personality traits needed for a job, such as consistency, flexibility, sincerity, emotional maturity, ability to make distinctions, decision-making ability, analytical ability, problem solving ability, ability to cope with stress, objectivity, and much more.

Concern:
“What if handwriting analysis exposes a questionable personality dynamic that you wouldn’t see
demonstrated on the job, that is totally unrelated to the position? I’d be concerned that this is an
invasion of my privacy.”

Answer:
Established legal precedents exist in relation to handwriting analysis. One U.S. court ruled that your script is “behavior in public” and that using it as the foundation of personality evaluation can’t be viewed as an invasion of privacy. U.S. vs. Hazelwood School District 534 F 2nd 805 states that graphology is “not precluded in hiring if it is related to the job.”

Invasion of privacy hinges on the expectation of privacy, which vanishes when you fill out a job application in your handwriting and acknowledge that the employer will read it. Also, employers understand (e.g., through performance agreements, such as the one we use) that only the employer’s decision-makers (i.e., your interviewer, etc.), those supervisory personnel who have a “need to know,” are entitled to see the results of the analysis. The contents of each profile is kept confidential, as per the client-analyst agreement.

Besides, no ethical handwriting analyst would tell your prospective employer about your possible early-life sexual abuse, for example, because it’s not directly related to the job. It’s the responsibility of the graphologist to focus exclusively on personality traits required for optimum job performance, i.e., identify personality strengths and challenges related to the job position.

Concern:
“The majority of adults entering the workforce today can’t even write. It’s becoming an obsolete skill due to computers.”

Answer:
Although people aren’t writing as much as they used to due to computers, we believe almost everyone can still write, even those who just graduated from high school. Even if they use only printing and not
cursive, their script can still be analyzed. It’s very doubtful the ability to write will become totally obsolete.

We recommend handwriting analysis as one of the most effective forms of personality analysis in
existence.

Copyright © 2008 Scott Petullo, Stephen Petullo

Handwriting analysis (graphology) shows how a person thinks and acts, along with their emotional balance, maturity, and much more. It denotes past conduct and displays potential for future behavior.

The fascinating thing about handwriting analysis is that you can interpret beyond the persona;
subconscious personality is revealed.

Common mistaken beliefs about handwriting analysis abound, such as that it involves only scrutiny of the signature or how attractive the script appears.

Below we deal with five common concerns about the science of graphology.

Concern:
“My writing looks horrible! Will this rule me out?”

Answer:
No. How your writing actually looks (form, etc.) is only one indicator of hundreds. Don’t worry. There are highly skilled and talented people throughout history who have messy-looking handwriting. The world is also replete with sociopaths who have very attractive-looking handwriting.

Concern:
“What if I have a physical limitation, such as arthritis that limits my handwriting?”

Answer:
Handwriting analysts take any physical limitation into consideration. As we list on our handwriting sample form, “Please explain any physical limitation that affects your handwriting…If you are using medication that you feel might alter your handwriting in any way, please say so and list the medication.” We also state on our “How to Prepare a Handwriting Sample” document, “Please state if you have suffered any emotional or physical trauma during the last year that might affect your handwriting,” and take such things into consideration when doing the analysis.

Concern:
“What if my handwriting changes depending on the writing instrument and the surface on which I’m
writing?”

Answer:
A well-trained handwriting analyst gives specific directions to the person writing the handwriting sample to avoid any such concerns. Please see “How to Prepare a Handwriting Sample”. In this document, we ask that you use a regular ball-point pen, unlined paper, be seated comfortably at a desk or table, and write at least a half page, among other advice:
http://www.scottpetullo.com/howtopreparehandwritingsamplepdf.pdf

Also, most of the 300+ indicators of your handwriting change far less than you realize no matter with what or on what you are writing.

Concern:
“If artists can alter their handwriting when they want, doesn’t this mean it’s not a useful personality assessment tool?”

Answer:
If a person is applying for a job and they are told that as part of the hiring process they will be asked to submit a handwriting sample, and the sample directions list the following (among other requests): “The writing sample should be done in your normal writing style while you are comfortably seated at a table or desk. If you habitually print, then please also include a paragraph of cursive writing. If you normally have several styles of writing, you may also include samples of each,” then chances are they will not attempt to alter their usual script. Even if they do, a good analyst can spot affectation and bluff. By attempting to significantly alter his or her writing, the writer also would risk misrepresenting themselves to the detriment of appearing to not be a match for the job.

Concern:
“According to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, handwriting analysis might seem to be discriminatory since if anyone who has a disability cannot take a test, then nobody can; evaluations that can’t be adapted for use by those who are disabled, such as a blind person, can’t be used by a
potential employer.”

Answer:
The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has stated, “We are not aware of any evidence or cases which suggest that graphology has an adverse impact on a protected class.”

Anyone who can write a few paragraphs of spontaneous writing, even if it is with their foot or mouth holding the pen, can have their handwriting analyzed. Despite what some might claim, a handwriting analyst can’t distinguish sex, sexual orientation, race, age, weight, height, religion, or marital status from a handwriting sample. Handwriting analysis might just be the most non-discriminatory personality profiling method in existence. Firm correlations between specific protected classes and handwriting
analysis indicators have not been identified.

An employer should make sure that every job applicant submits a handwriting sample, whether or not that applicant’s handwriting sample is to be analyzed, if the employer plans to analyze handwriting as a form of evaluation for the job.

We advise the utilization of graphology as one of the most valuable forms of character analysis available.

Copyright © 2008 Scott Petullo, Stephen Petullo

Skeptics of handwriting analysis say they want statistics on the validity of handwriting analysis, such as those involving published medical studies. Yet time and time again the outcomes of such scientific studies are proved unreliable due to bias (e.g., the study that found the drug superior was sponsored by the company that makes it).

Or, skeptics suggest that a handwriting analysis study should be “peer-reviewed.” However, there are many studies showing that peer review doesn’t enhance the accuracy of scientific work at all.

Even so, if they insist on scientific reviews, there exist many involving the science of handwriting analysis. The best anyone can do is to conduct objective empirical investigations, such as the ones here (extensive list–over 200, many from the past decade–of scientific papers published in non-graphological peer-reviewed journals since 1950): http://tinyurl.com/4cx3nf

You can’t prove that something has scientific validity. But you can prove a practice invalid. So far , handwriting analysis (or comprehensive astrology, or comprehensive numerology, etc.) has yet to be proven invalid. The above studies very firmly lend authenticity to the science of graphology.

An aside, handwriting analysts never claim 100% accuracy, and there doesn’t exist any psychological assessment tool that is 100% accurate.

Handwriting analysis is a valid supplement to other testing methods. It’s extremely useful in determining if a job applicant fits a job description, thereby saving the company time and money, along with helping to reduce security risks. It does not, however, directly predict the success of the applicant on the job.

Handwriting analysis is also extremely effective in assessing already existing employees’ strengths and challenges. It can go a long way in helping to improve workplace productivity and morale by uncovering true abilities and compatibility.

Reasonable levels of accuracy are assured if the graphologist has extensive training, such as by earning certification from a respected handwriting analysis school. An analyst knowledgeable in both trait-based and holistic approach graphology is best, rather than only one of the two methodologies.

A graphologist’s analysis is relative to the time the handwriting sample was written. Although it’s possible for a person’s script to change somewhat over time, the basic structure (organization, form, zonal balance, spacing, etc.) most often remains the same. But it is a good idea to have the person offer an updated writing sample for a current analysis if the person has gone through some major life changes, or if the last analysis they had done was when they were 23, and they are now 43, for example.

For those who are still skeptical of graphology, recall that many respected scientists in the earlier part of the twentieth century insisted that psychology could not be a science. It took decades for psychology to be accepted as the valid science it is today.

The U.S. Library of Congress catalogues graphology (handwriting analysis) books in the psychology, document examination, and personnel screening categories.

“Graphologist” (handwriting analyst) is listed in the U.S. Department of Labor’s Directory of Occupational Titles (DOT) as “miscellaneous professional.”

The U.S. Department of Labor Dictionary of Occupational Titles lists the profession of graphologist (handwriting analyst) as follows: http://tinyurl.com/52wb9u

199.267-038 GRAPHOLOGIST Analyzes handwriting to appraise personal characteristics: Obtains handwriting specimen to observe overall appearance of writing and detailed formation of letters. Measures height of letters and slant of writing, using calibrated templates. Observes individual writing strokes to determine unique or distinguishing characteristics, using ruler and low-power magnifying glass or microscope. Evaluates handwriting sample and interprets findings, according to theories of handwriting analysis. May use diagram to plot writing characteristics. GOE: 02.04.01 STRENGTH: S GED: R4 M3 L3 SVP: 6 DLU: 89

Evidence of handwriting analysis having doneharm in personnel selection or in other applications in the workplace is non-existent.

Over 300 handwriting indicators must be considered in doing a thorough analysis. Some of the more notable considerations are as follows: consistency; compression; down-strokes; elaboration; expansion; finals; fluidity; form; harmony; lead-ins; loops; margins; movement; organization; pressure; rhythm; signature compared to the rest of script; size; slant; overall arrangement and picture of space; spacing (letter, word, line, etc.); speed; zonal balance and much more.

Does any single consideration, such as excessive elaboration, override the cumulative strength of the collective body of other considerations? No.

All of the hundreds of indicators in a handwriting sample collectively either support or reduce the energy of any one consideration. Any single indicator must be corroborated by other indicators. The analyst weighs individual considerations and then views them in the context of the entire writing sample; the sample Nis dissected then re-built into a profile outlining the personality.

Graphology is grounded in common sense. For example, pressure of handwriting is symbolic of emphasis in speech; size is representative of how much attention you want; slant is how you react (left = withdrawal, right = outwardly expressive); writing movement is how you act (e.g., appears to be moving forward quickly equates to high drive, etc.); and signature could be interpreted as how you want others to view you. Handwriting is like mind-writing and handwriting analysis is a mind interpretation method.

Graphology is a valid, ethical approach to help define a person’s abilities and challenges, and it can help employers run their businesses more efficiently (before and after hiring). It can also be used by parents, singles, couples, teachers, and anyone else who is seeking more understanding about themselves and others.

Copyright © 2008 Scott Petullo, Stephen Petullo

Civilization has always depended on accurate time keeping systems. Success with the timing of agricultural matters, financial concerns including markets, accounting and taxes, and seasonal celebrations such as festivals, all require an accurate method of counting time. The rhythm of time is defined as ordered recurrence in fixed intervals.

Regular astronomical cycles such as the daily rising and setting of stars like the Sun and the waxing and
waning of the Moon, and their connection to the Earth’s seasons and seasonal events, gave the ancients standards by which to form calendars and time counting systems. The obsession with time-keeping and its link to numerological calculations eventually reveals the awareness of an unexplained, ordered, omnipresent intelligence; a sort of cosmic, or “universal time,” and how it’s intimately linked to calendar formation and reform, no matter how random each may seem. Time is far deeper than a simple clock reading, it’s a rhythm that ties everything together and links the human microcosm to the macrocosmic “all that is.” Calendar numerology allows you to recognize its pulse and therefore forecast personal circumstances and events linked to its tempo.

In addition to the prevailing calendar, in our view, being automatically and mysteriously coordinated to everyone’s life through various forms of numerology, there is a surprising amount of mathematical precision involving astronomical cycles relating to the history of the formation our modern calendar. We feel this lends a great deal of reliability to its successful use as a basis for numerological calculations.

We believe that souls incarnate on Earth with the timing of their fated life circumstances and events (symbolized by comprehensive cyclical timing and delineation methods) synchronized with the predominant calendar of the time, that being currently the modern solar-cycle based Gregorian calendar with its 365 days and 12 months. Our research tells us that modern and ancient numerological date-based methods produce the most accurate results using the modern, every-day calendar as mentioned above. In most places in the world, if you ask what date it is, you’ll receive an answer reflecting a Gregorian calendar date; it’s a universal calendar (unlike others) and the main synchronization system for most of the Earth’s inhabitants. We’re convinced it’s intimately connected with “what is,”seen through personality and predictive techniques that utilize its configuration.

The modern calendar is the international scientific, commercial, and administrative standard today. It represents the pulse of humanity and its roots are in ancient Egypt.

Calendar revisions throughout history have represented shifts toward a closer alignment with the progression of time. Multitudes and multitudes of constantly operating short, medium, and long-term time cycles tied to our solar calendar symbolize time, how it operates on a universal level, and its relationship to everyone under the Sun as it transpires on this plane, displayed through personal time cycles. These cycles outline fated personal circumstances and events, including spiritual progression. Being “in the flow,” or “at the right place at the right time,” are ways of noting harmonization with the advancement of time, both on a universal and personal level. Some claim that the “consciousness” of the Earth’s inhabitants changes due to calendar revisions, but we believe that all changes are simply illustrative of what was fated to happen anyway. They don’t, by themselves, make things happen any more than changing one’s hair color makes one younger.

Ancient astronomers (frequently priests of various faiths) perched on their temple towers, working in conjunction with the land’s king or ruler, would meticulously record astronomical observations, eventually developing systems by which to measure some of the natural cycles of this planet.

Evidence shows that the Sumerians, around 4000 years ago in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq and surrounding area), were possibly the first culture in the Earth’s recorded history to formulate a formal solar calendar, which had 365 days.

The Babylonians (after approximately 2500 BC) also devised an official calendar, but based it on solar and lunar cycles (lunisolar).

The Hebrew calendar is also lunisolar and its origins are believed to be linked to the Babylonians.

The most accurate ancient lunar calendar may have been formulated by the Chinese after approximately 500 BC. Although based on lunar cycles, it’s really a lunisolar calendar, like the Babylonian and Hebrew calendars; its starting point varies each year being roughly synchronized with the solar calendar/tropical year (about 365 days long).

The Mayans appeared to possess the most accurate calendar in recorded history up until around 1000 AD, varying less than 1 minute a year from our modern Gregorian.

The Persian calendar in the Middle Ages around 1070 AD, thanks to astronomer Omar Khayyam, surpassed the accuracy of the Mayan model. This is not surprising, considering the Persians’ and Arabs’ superior scientific (especially astrological) contributions in the Middle Ages. After Omar Khayyam’s Persian calendar corrections were officially adopted, this calendar was also more accurate than the Julian calendar, which preceded our current Gregorian calendar. Omar Khayyam calculated the solar year to be 365.24219858156 days long, accurate to the sixth decimal place.

The ancient Egyptians formed a calendar (twelve thirty-day months plus five days to equal 365 days) before 2400 BC based on the star Sirius (they called this star Sothis). They noticed that this star would appear in the east just before sunrise every year around the time of the Nile’s annual flood. A Sothic cycle is 1460 years and is defined by the heliacal rising of Sirius returning to the exact same point. Respected for its mathematical reliability, this calendar was used by astronomers in the Middle Ages.

The Egyptians’ seasonal year, the time between the consecutive heliacal risings of the star Sirius, is remarkably close to the actual length of the solar year. However, the approximate six hour difference means that over just a couple of centuries their calendar would have been totally out of synch with the timing of the seasons in relation to the solar year. The Egyptian astronomers quickly identified this problem and apparently tried to compensate by using a second lunar calendar, which tied into the solar cycle. A lunar calendar was also followed for festivals.

The Romans, under Julius Cesar, influenced by the astronomer Sisogenes of Alexandria Egypt, recognized the sophisticated astronomical skills of the Egyptians and adopted the Egyptian star (Sirius) calendar around 50 BC, and added one day to the calendar every four years (leap year) to adapt to the solar cycle. They abandoned their lunar calendar and the Julian calendar, forerunner to our modern Gregorian calendar, was born.

An aside, a Metonic cycle (invented by the 5th century BC Greek astronomer Meton) is 6940 days including 235 lunar months comprising almost exactly 19 solar years. The 19-year cycle is significant as every 19 years the Moon and the Sun are aspected identically, on the same day of the year (the Metonic cycle’s error rate is about 12 hours every 109.5 years: 19 tropical years = 6939.602 days and 235 synodic months = 6939.688 days).

A Callippic cycle (presented in 4th century BC by the Greek astronomer Callippus) is a 76-year cycle equivalent to four Metonic cycles, less one day. It’s a modification of the Metonic cycle. These cycles, widely used by ancient Egyptian and other astronomers before the Alexandrian calendar reform (under Julius Cesar), are important for sequential functions, and are superb cyclical timing considerations that can be used to outline fated life circumstances.

It’s interesting that the Julian calendar’s implementation took place in year 1 of a Metonic cycle, 19 years from a complete 76-year Callipic cycle, which suggests that the designers of the calendar were heavily influenced by the standards of the mathematical precision of the Metonic and Callippic cycles.

Even though the .25/day addition every year resulted in the Julian calendar being only about .00781 days from the true solar cycle, this difference yielded about a ten day error by the 1500s.

In 1582 the Gregorian calendar reform was adopted under the reign of Pope Gregory XIII to correct the inaccuracies of the Julian calendar. Striving for mathematical exactitude in calculating the length of the tropical year (the cycle of the seasons or solar year, defined as the time interval between vernal equinoxes), the scientists of that era dictated that the new universal calendar first drop 11 days from the old calendar as of October 4th, 1582 (making that day October 15th) and then initiated a leap year system adding a day every four years (except in century years evenly divisible by 400 or 4000). Although not perfect, this improved the solar calendar year to 365.2422 days, an error of about one day every 3300 years.

Today’s calendar year begins in January conceivably because it’s the first full month when the days start growing longer (minutes of daily sunlight increasing in the Northern Hemisphere, which includes most of the world’s land and about 90% of the human population), after the Winter Solstice at the end of December. Additionally, the planet Saturn mutually ruling time and the sign of Capricorn might have something to do with the selection of January as the first month of the calendar year. The seven day week division is probably linked to ancient farmers planting by the moon’s phases (seven day quarters). As to why the day officially starts at 12:00 a.m. and not sunrise, it’s possibly due to the fact that after 12:00 a.m. the Sun departs from its daily nadir (in relation to the Earth) as it begins its ascent to the midheaven, which it reaches at Noon.

After the 1600s the Gregorian calendar was finally used throughout most of Europe and was adopted by what is now the east coast of America in the mid 1700s, before 1776, the recognized birth year of America. Greece and Russia avoided using it until the early 1900s. Japan formally implemented it in 1873, Korea in 1896, and China in 1912.

We feel accuracy in date-based numerology has always been due to a combination of the soundness of empirically- based numerology calculations, a mystifying link to the prevailing calendar of the day, along with the precision of that calendar in relation to cyclical earthly occurrences (like the solar cycle).

Other-dimensional forces beyond human comprehension serve to automatically synchronize one’s birth data (day, month, year, etc. of the calendar system) with one’s timing and personality (each mirrors the other), as symbolized by the numerology aspects that comprise the patterns that are the basis for delineation and prediction.

We conclude that the current universal calendar’s gradual formation was very deliberate and calculated and its mathematical soundness and link to cosmic time, or universal intelligence, allows for calendar-based numerology, like that found in our Numerology Decoder and Time Cycle Decoder software programs, to precisely outline how every person is uniquely connected to the all- encompassing rhythm known as time.

Copyright © 2007 Scott Petullo, Stephen Petullo